Telecommunications restructuring in 2008: Although the strength of operators is not balanced, TD-LTE has become an international standard
Some people think that the telecommunications restructuring in 2008 was a failure, but this may not be the case.
Its two goals: one is to balance the strength of the three major operators, and the other is to promote TD-LTE to become an international standard.
The failure to achieve the former goal can only be blamed on China Unicom and Telecom, not the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The latter has been successful and is promoting TD-LTE to become a global standard, and even helping China gain an advantage in 5G!
The key to the imbalance of operator strength lies in China Unicom itself
After the telecommunications reorganization in 2008, China Unicom and China Unicom owned fixed networks in ten northern provinces After the merger of China Unicom and China Unicom with business advantages, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology gave China Unicom the most mature WCDMA standard and received another 110 billion in cash from selling its CDMA business. Its original GSM network could smoothly evolve to WCDMA. China Unicom could be said to be the favorite of all at that time.
What China Telecom obtained was the more mature CDMA standard. It paid 60 billion in cash plus 50 billion allocated by China Mobile to buy China Unicom’s CDMA business. Since Qualcomm has a monopoly on CDMA patents, resulting in the fact that only VMware and Qualcomm can produce CDMA chips in the industry. The threshold and cost of producing CDMA mobile phones are too high, resulting in low enthusiasm for mobile phone companies to participate in the production of CDMA mobile phones.
That is to say, in 2012 and before, China Unicom had an absolute advantage, and China Telecom also had a stronger industrial chain competitive advantage than China Mobile, and China Although China Mobile has funds, it can only invest heavily in GSM network construction to consolidate its original GSM business advantages.
However, the results of the competition are surprising. China Mobile has a net increase of 300 million users, while China Unicom’s net increase of users is actually nearly less than China Telecom. Ten million, the sum of the net added users of the latter two companies is equivalent to that of China Mobile.
In the first half of 2014, the per capita traffic of China Unicom 3G and China Telecom 3G users was only 216M and 168M.
What you need to know is that the real gap between China Mobile and China Unicom was only from 2004 to the end of 2008, while China Unicom and China Telecom achieved this result in the five years they gained 3G competitive advantage. Don’t blame China Unicom and China Telecom, but blame the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology?
TD-LTE becomes a reality International standard
After China successfully promoted TD-SCDMA to become an international standard, it faced the dilemma of an immature industrial chain. Therefore, when the world began to commercialize WCDMA in 2004, China did not officially start to use it until 2009. Commercial TD-SCDMA, and it has taken several years to promote the maturity of the TD-SCDMA industry chain
However, with the development of TD-SCDMA, China has also begun to become familiar with it The operation process of international standards. In 2003, China cooperated with Ericsson to promote LTE. In 2004, China and Europe officially began to promote LTE as a 4G standard. In 2006, after China and Europe completed the feasibility study of the LTE standard, Qualcomm in the United States hurriedly launched CDMAREV.C (later renamed UMB), plus Intel's wimax, which means that the global 4G standards competing at that time included China's TD-LTE, Europe's LTE-LFDD, and the United States' UMB and wimax.
Qualcomm in 2008. UMB failed. In 2010, as Qualcomm and Ericsson announced their support for TD-LTE, wimax, which was also a TD standard, also failed. China successfully cooperated with Europe to promote LTE as an international standard.
Since China dominates the TD-LTE standard, China has obtained more patents on the LTE standard. Among them, Datang The performance of telecommunications is the most obvious.
Although this state-owned enterprise is not excellent in market performance, it has become a core patent holder of global LTE standards by promoting TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE standards to become international standards. One of the top ten (data from Taiwan's "National Research Institute" statistics in 2014), mainland China has therefore become the economy with the most LTE core patents after the United States.
Because China is in TD. -LTE has more patent advantages, so Qualcomm was forced to agree to only charge 3.5% patent fees for TD-SCDMA/TD-LTE, while WCDMA/LTE-FDD charges 5% patent fees.
< p>In the development of TD-SCDMA, China has developed chip companies such as Leadcore, Spreadtrum, Huawei HiSilicon; among foreign mobile phone companies, in addition to Samsung actively participating in the TD-SCDMA industry, Nokia Under the lobbying of China Mobile, it reluctantly launched several TD-SCDMA mobile phones that were not successful. Apple has never launched a mobile phone that supports TD-SCDMA. After MediaTek launched a TD-SCDMA mobile phone chip in 2012, it launched a TD-SCDMA mobile phone in the Chinese market in 2013. Sales have exploded, and domestic mobile phone brands have quickly gained opportunities for growth.
In 2014, China Mobile commercialized TD-LTE. This year, China Mobile’s TD- The number of LTE users has grown rapidly to 90 million. OPPO and vivo have become the fastest growing mobile phone brands in this market because of their full investment in TD-LTE, helping these two companies to rise rapidly.It is one of the four new domestic brands.
From 2014 to 2015, the global market share of Chinese mobile phone brands rapidly increased to about 40%. One of the keys is that they have an advantage in the domestic market. Obviously TD-LTE played an important role. According to estimates, In the past two years, nearly 80% of the sales of domestic brand mobile phones were completed in the domestic market.
In March 2015, GTI released a report stating that it has 116 operator members and 97 partners, and 52 TD-LTE commercial networks have been opened globally. 83 operators are under construction and deployment, and the number of TD-LTE users accounts for 40% of the number of LTE users.
In fact, the success of China Mobile in operating TD-LTE is enough to prove the excellence of TD-LTE technology. There is no need for China to promote the development of LTE-FDD, but should By concentrating resources on developing TD-LTE technology, the interests of China Unicom and China Telecom are far less important than the development of China's communications industry.
China Mobile is actively promoting the development of TD+. TD's technology and patents are expected to be extended to 5G. China has signed a cooperation agreement with Europe to continue cooperation in 5G, and due to TD technology is more suitable for wireless data transmission and does not require symmetrical spectrum. TD may have an advantage in 5G technology.
Xiaomi is here The patent war between India and the United States, as well as the DVD industry being hunted down by European and American daily patents, prove the importance of leading the formulation of an international standard. China's development from TD-SCDMA to TD-LTE and even 5G in the future will help China master More communication patents to prevent China's communication industry from making the same mistakes. ; line-height: 24px; font-size: 14px; font-family: simsun, Arial; white-space: normal;"> In summary, the telecom restructuring in 2008 failed to achieve the goal of balancing the strength gap among operators. China Unicom itself should be blamed instead of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Promoting TD-LTE to become an international standard is an important achievement more worthy of praise from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. It promotes China's communications industry to go global and helps the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing.
