In the FTTX project, sheathed optical cables are used on a large scale. There are two main splicing methods: one is the optical cable cold splicing technology (physical splicing) based on cold splices, and the other is using a fusion splicer as a tool. Hot melt technology.
1. Cold splicing technology Cold splicing technology: Fiber optic cold splicing is used when two pigtails are butted. Its main internal component is a precision V-shaped groove. After the two pigtails are dialed, Use cold connectors to connect two pigtails.
It is simpler and faster to operate and saves time than using a welding machine.
On the surface, the cold splicing operation is simple and fast, and saves time compared to the hot fusion of the fusion splicer. However, the cold splicing technology is also mainly used in emergency applications after the optical cable communication is interrupted.
Cold connection technology has obvious shortcomings: (1) Cold connection loss is large.
Due to the use of physical splicing, the two optical fibers are completely spliced by V-shaped grooves and matching fluid. This loss is obviously greater than the hot-melt connection point.
In the FTTX project, although the line loss requirements are not as strict as those for trunk lines, large loss points are potential fault points.
(2) Short service life and high maintenance cost.
In cold joining technology, the role of matching fluid is very important.
Quoting data from operator customer statistics, imported matching fluids generally have a lifespan of about 3 years, while domestic matching fluids have a lifespan of only 1.5 to 2 years.
In this way, the cost of maintenance is increased.
And the cost of a cold joint is generally around 30 to 50 yuan (it can be disassembled and reused, but the accuracy of reuse after disassembly is greatly reduced, so the cold joint is nominally repeatable, but in reality They are only used once during the construction process), and the actual use and maintenance costs are high.
2. Hot melt technology Advantages of hot melt technology: (1) Low welding loss.
The two optical fibers are spliced using hot-fusion technology and in accordance with trunk line standards, which greatly reduces splicing loss.
(2). Long service life and low maintenance cost.
Since the hot melt standards comply with the requirements for trunk line construction, the life of the general welding point will be similar to that of ordinary optical cables, and there is no problem with the life of a single point.
Construction equipment: optical cable fusion splicer, leather cable fusion splicer.
